Randomized trial of $5 versus $10 monetary incentives, envelope size, and candy to increase physician response rates to mailed questionnaires

SD Halpern, PA Ubel, JA Berlin, DA Asch - Medical Care, 2002 - journals.lww.com
Background. The validity of the results of mailed surveys is often threatened by nonresponse
bias, which is made more likely when response rates are low. However, the effectiveness
and cost-effectiveness of several strategies to increase response rates are uncertain.
Objectives. To assess three strategies to increase response rates to mailed physician
surveys: including a $10 versus a $5 cash incentive in the initial mailing, including a mint
candy or not, and using a large versus small outgoing envelope. Research Design and …